What steps do you think can be taken to overcome corruption in the Essay

What steps do you think can be taken to overcome corruption in the management of schools and how far do you think these would be effective - Essay Example ake the distinction that while corruption is nowhere near a predominant of a problem in the education sector as it is in other realms of public life, it is impermissible and abhorrent in this sector because of its moral implications of educational enterprise. There are various types of corruptions in schools and steps need to be taken in order to overcome them. This easy will look at various scenarios that can be classified as corruption in the management in schools. It will also discuss the steps that need to be undertaken to overcome corruption and their effectiveness. Public education is education mandate for the children of the general public by the government, whether national, regional or local provided by an institution of civil government, and paid for, in whole or in part, by taxes. These public schools are prone to mismanagement and corruption just like any other government institution. Government may make a public policy decision that it wants to have some financial resources distributed in support of, and it may want to have some control over, the provision of education, which is not public education. Grants-in-aid of private schools, and voucher systems all provide examples of publicly funded education, which is not public education. Conversely, a public school (including ones run by school districts) may rely heavily on non-public funding (such as high fees or private donations) but still be considered public by virtue of public ownership and control. The Board of Governor who gets appointed to the board of governor abuses their powers. For example where the board of governors appoints a principal where they uses him to further their interests. The board of governor dictates the principal on how to run the school and even when it come to procurements in the school, the board dictates where it is to be done. The school boards most often are put together for the sake of formality. Lack of school autonomy, I strongly feel that it is ambiguity that

Financial Management during Economic Downturn Essay

Financial Management during Economic Downturn - Essay Example However, during the period of economic downturn or recession, this task is little more difficult as financial decisions are not likely work out as planned by a financial manager. Planning is relatively a simple task as it basically needs only past data with information on how to relate them to future conditions. But, when it comes to realise that financial outcomes do not come out as planned, the firm's financial position gets affected adversely and eventually its existence. Keeping this in view the present paper attempts to discuss the problems that are faced by a financial manger during the period of economic downturn. The paper does not discuss the issue from the view point of any particular firm. Instead it presents the issue from a macroeconomic point of view taking all types of firms. Economic downturn or recession is an economic situation wherein the general economic activities experience a slow down. When the general economic activities of a country get affected by a recession, the country's economic progress and growth will surely be affected leading to low GDP; spending; employment opportunities; capacity utilisation; and individual and household income (Roland 2007). In fact, these variables are necessary to the economic progress and prosperity of a country and its business activities. In short, economic slowdown affects the business activities by low demand for goods and services, poor cash flow from customers and low lending by financial institutions in the economy. This will eventually result in unavailability of finance (log term and short term), less collection from debtors, unavailability of factors of production for enterprises in the economy (The United States Department of Labor 2006). These cause serious financial implications such as low profitabi lity and less growth to the shareholders, which threaten the smooth functioning of business operations. As a result, the individual financial manager should chalk out certain financial plans to revive his firm from economic slowdown. 3.0 Financial Manager's Role The financial manager's role is pivotal in a firm which runs through a tough economy leading to poor debt collection and credit availability. The responsibility of a financial manager in such a pathetic situation is to revive the firm to the earlier position. But it is a huge task and he needs to take and follow a proactive approach rather than reactive efforts. He should take initiatives right from financial planning and budgeting on the anticipation of economic slowdown at any time in future. Moreover, the plans and budgets are to be aligned to the actual happenings in such a way that there is no big gap between the two. The following sections will detail some of the important measures to be followed by a financial manager in times of general economic recession. 3.1 Cash flow Projections Liquid cash is an essential element for the smooth flow of routine business activities. Cash is needed for a number of activities right from purchasing stationery to payment of dividend to shareholders. Unless the firm has a level of cash enough to meet the daily needs, the business operations get affected and will adversely impact the flow of goods and services to the customers. This implies liquid cash is an essential asset, the absence of which will affect the normal operations and

Parental Involvement Educational Outcomes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Parental Involvement Educational Outcomes - Essay Example A good example provided is parental education a socio-economic status. Schneider, Keesler and Morlock state that research confirms that students whose parents completed higher education levels performed better academically. This is because the parents have set a standard for their children; therefore, children work hard to attain an equivalent of or more than their parents’ achievements. Berthelsen supports the idea that the academic achievement and social adjustments of many children depends on the parent’s expectation on the child’s academic achievement. Berthelsen states that the involvement of families and schools in a child’s academic progress guarantees higher achievements in school. Schneider, Keesler and Morlock consider the relation between family structure and children learning. According to the authors children in single parent families most times experience negative developmental outcomes. This is due to the huge parental responsibilities burdened on the single parent. This limits the time the parent spends with the children. As a result, this affects the children’s learning and social skill. Barbara, Keesler, and Morlock explain that the emotional involvement and interaction of both parents does affect a child’s emotional growth, and cognitive development (Schneider, Keesler, and Morlock, 2010). According to Schneider, Keesler and Morlock (2010) parental action determines a child’s cognitive and social development. The authors point that children who are securely attached to their parents or caregivers embody a sense of freedom when exploring their environment. Exploring allows a child to learn social skills, language skills and acquire a sense of responsibility On the other hand; abusive parents tend to lead their children into adopting an avoidant attachment behaviour, which prevents a child from discovering their surroundings. According to a report by Toronto public health department children who experience positive parenting

Waste Management Practices for Domestic Waste in China and the UK Essay

Waste Management Practices for Domestic Waste in China and the UK - Essay Example Waste management is a complicated discipline, especially in highly populated countries such as China and the UK, where having a system that controls waste reduction is almost impossible. Some people throw a lot of waste, some recycle, but at the end of the day, the waste has to be discarded. However, waste management is not limited to public education, recycling, and environmental education, and waste reduction, garbage collection, composting landfill maintenance, government regulation, data analysis and public relations. In largely populated countries, staff is required to learn new strategies for advancing and adapting techniques of waste diversion, collection and disposal and complying with administration regulations. In major countries such as the UK and China, there are programs responsible for ensuring that all waste material is well regulated and does not affect the environment. There are several measures that the two countries use to ensure that domestic waste management is u nder control, and in some of these measures, there are some similarities and differences in the steps taken. Comparison China and UK have similar issues regarding sold waste management; for example, there is lack of consistent and reliable waste cost management, and quantity data make arranging for waste management policies difficult. This is because the two countries are densely populated especially in major cities (Shaw & Hawkins 2004, p. 97). The waste quantities in the two countries are also raising at an alarming rate with dramatic change in composition and negligible waste reduction efforts. Waste management affects every person who lives in the city, and the higher the population, the more solid waste will be expected in the same city and, if not well controlled, environmental pollution will be massive and out of control. The UK and China lack consistent decision-making processes especially for strategic policy and planning toward technology selection for waste management, co st recovery, classified segment involvement, contribution to the planning process and insufficient public access to information on how to recycle or reduce waste products (Ellis 1999, p. 115) . China and UK are both trying to come up with solutions of managing solid waste in their major cities and they are coming up with reviews and reports that work to improve the performance. They have come up with landfills that are classified depending on the kind of waste. For example, waste is classified as either degradable or non-degradable (Ellis 1999, p. 86). Both countries are trying to come up with successful waste management schemes and have willing participants to care for the environment. For example, in UK, there is the W12A landfill site opened in 1977, which is a well managed and designed waste management dumping area. It was expected to serve the city for at least 15 years with approval from the UK government body for waste dumping (C. Judd & S. Judd 2011, p. 202). However, operat ions in both countries do not convene design standards, especially in pollution management; where waste collection procedures are frequently not rationalized. Allocation of finances for waste management in the two countries has been difficult because there are inadequate tipping fees and user charges. Protecting the air has been an important aspect in China and the UK with both countries collecting and destroying landfill gas to decrease greenhouse gas discharge and potential stenches (Neubert & Dyck 2008, p. 112). After decomposing, garbage produces unpleasant smells and gases, one of them being methane, which increase global warming more than carbon dioxide does. In the two countries, gases are